Incidence of tympanic perforation and its causes in a hearing health center in western Paraná
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52076/eacad-v4i3.506Keywords:
Tympanic membrane; Tympanic membrane perforation; Eardrum.Abstract
Tympanic membrane perforation forms a connection between the external and middle ear, resulting from different etiologies. The highest incidence of this condition, according to the literature, is found in men, and most causes are due to trauma or infection, mainly due to acute otitis media. The present study is of the retrospective cohort type, with data collection from medical records at the Auditive Center in Cascavel-PR, between the period from April 2019 to August 2022, totaling about 4000 medical records, 109 of which due to tympanic membrane perforation. The data collected showed a higher frequency in women (58.7%), with a similar involvement between the ears (right 38.5%, left 33% and bilateral 22.9%). It was also noted that most cases are related to otitis (69.7%), while 4.58% are due to trauma by a cotton-tipped applicator, 3.66% due to trauma by a foreign body and 9.17 % due to trauma from aggression or loud sound. Preference regarding treatment was conservative therapy (73.49%), given the regenerative capacity of the tympanic membrane. Approximately half of the patients (44.03%) had hearing loss as a complication. Therefore, it is concluded that in this study there was a higher prevalence of tympanic membrane perforation in women, especially in the right ear. It was also noted that most cases are related to otitis and about a fifth of them to trauma, with preference for conservative treatment, and about half of those affected had hearing loss as a consequence.
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