Sensory processing of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and necessary adaptations to dental care: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52076/eacad-v4i2.465Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder; Odontology; Sensory processing; Oral health.Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined as a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction, language, behavior, and cognitive function. Sensory processing refers to the way the nervous system (NS) organizes incoming sensory information so that we can successfully interact. The actions of the NS that allow the interpretation of sensory information can occur with extreme reactions, generating atypical responsiveness, resulting in stress and anxiety when trying to interpret the environment accurately. The purpose was, through a literature review, understand how the sensory processing of the individual with ASD can compromise dental care. There are a variety of strategies to be adopted for each patient and a discussion with the caregiver should help the dental professional to define which methods to use. Sensory processing difficulties may be one of the factors that contribute to unsatisfactory cooperation in the dental office for people with ASD. Individuals with ASD may have impaired oral health, making it important to highlight the difficulties regarding familiarization in the dental environment. Performing the desensitization of these patients to each of these items is a process that requires knowledge, perseverance and collaboration from the patient and their caregivers. The dental treatment of the individual with ASD requires a deep understanding of the behavioral profile of these subjects. The therapeutic approach must be individualized for each patient. The role of continuing education for dentistry professionals and parents is fundamental in overcoming the difficulties encountered by the patient during dental care.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Ana Thereza Moreira Bezerra; Nikson Pereira Fernandes; Matheus Almeida Barbosa; Leticia Catarine Ferreira de Oliveira Santos; Matheus Ribeiro de Oliveira; Iasmin Soares Souza Santos; Nathan João Luiz Luna Lima; Lucas Celestino Guerzet Ayres
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